What is an Archetype?
A universally recognizable symbol, motif or character type.
Uncovering the Universal: Archetype in Creative Writing
Every story has patterns, and these patterns can be found in the most fundamental elements of its composition: character, plot, and conflict. At the core of these patterns - and the stories they help to shape - are archetypes. An archetype is a universally recognizable symbol, motif or character type. Often embodying shared cultural or human experiences, archetypes tap into our primal instincts, helping us connect with stories on a deeper level.
Some classic examples of archetypes include:
- The Hero - exemplified by figures like Luke Skywalker or Harry Potter, he or she is the protagonist who sets out on a quest, overcomes obstacles, and ultimately emerges victorious.
- The Mentor - personified by characters like Gandalf or Dumbledore, he or she guides the Hero, providing advice and wisdom.
- The Temptress - a character who uses their beauty or charm to seduce and manipulate the Hero, often leading them astray.
- The Trickster - a mischievous figure who delights in disrupting the status quo, often by revealing hidden truths or exposing hypocrisy.
By drawing upon archetypes in our writing, we can create characters and stories that resonate with readers across time and culture. But it's important to remember that archetypes are not one-size-fits-all: they should be tailored to our individual stories and characters. By doing so, we can unearth the universal within the specific, and create narratives that are both timeless and timely.
Archetypes are everywhere in literature, from ancient myths to contemporary novels. Here are two examples of how they can be used to shape character and story:
In Homer's epic poem, The Odyssey, the character of Odysseus embodies the Hero archetype. He sets out on a long and perilous quest to return home after the Trojan War, facing obstacles and temptations along the way. He is aided by a number of archetypal figures, including the Mentor (the goddess Athena) and the Temptress (the sorceress Circe). Through his journey, Odysseus becomes a symbol of the power of perseverance and the triumph of good over evil.
In J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, the titular character is the Hero archetype. He is an orphan who discovers his magical abilities and is called upon to save the wizarding world from the evil Lord Voldemort. Along the way, he is aided by a number of archetypal figures, including the Mentor (Headmaster Albus Dumbledore) and the Trickster (Ron Weasley). Rowling also employs the shadow archetype in the character of Voldemort, who serves as an antithesis to Harry's heroic nature.